If you are preparing for Terraform Interview this article will help you to get the most asked questions in Terraform Interview. Here we are sharing the top 40+ Terraform Interview Questions & Answers which will help you to crack your Interview.

Terraform is an infrastructure as a software tool that lets you create, modify and update cloud as well as on-prem resources efficiently and safely.

40+ Terraform Interview Questions & Answers

• What is Terraform as used in AWS??

Terraform is a part of AWS’s DevOps Competency and also an AWS Partner Network (APN) advanced technology partner. It is similar to AWS Cloud Formation because it’s also an “infrastructure as code” tool that allows users to build, upgrade and maintain the AWS infrastructure.

• What are the most significant characteristics of Terraform?

Terraform lets you manage your infrastructure in a single place through the writing of code, and then build it as and as needed. Here are the primary features:

• The console lets users observe the operation
• The ability to the conversion of HCL code into JSON format
• The configuration language that can allow interpolation
• Module count records the number of modules added to the infrastructure of networks.

• Define IAC?

IAC which is called Infrastructure as Code allows you to create, modify or manage your infrastructure using codes instead of manual procedures. These configurations are designed in line with your requirements for infrastructure, and the configurations are updated and shared with confidence within the organization.

• Are there any useful Terraform Commands?

The most efficient Terraform commands are:

• Terraform init – initiates the directory is being used
• Refreshes Terraform – updates the state of the file
• Terraform output – views Terraform outputs
• Terraform Apply translates it into Terraform code and creates things
• Terraform destroy – destroys the objects that were built by Terraform
• Terraform graphs are generated by the terraform graph. They produce a graph that has been formatted with the DOT
• Terraform plan A dry trial to determine what Terraform can do.

• Are callbacks feasible using Terraform using Azure?

With the help of Azure Event Hubs, you are able to anticipate callbacks from Azure. Terraform’s Azure service offers a basic interface to clients. Microsoft Azure Cloud Shell offers an already installed Terraform application.

• What exactly is it? Terraform is it?

Terraform Init Command is used to create an operational index that includes Terraform designs. The control can be repeated in many instances. This is the first command that needs to be performed following the writing for your brand fresh Terraform concept.

• What exactly is Terraform D?

Terraform D is a plug-in that is installed on the majority of the in-service systems, as well as Windows. Terraform init is an in-built search engine that will scan the directories that follow to find plugins.

• Does history appear the same as it is online by using TFS API? TFS API to distribute resources?

Yes, the narration could be compared with that of the internet since UI keeps an API as its basis. Everything that’s visible on the UI is accessible via different methods, as well as through an API. API.

• What is the motivation behind Terraform being used to support DevOps?

Terraform is an equivalent JSON-like language for a configuration called HashiCorp’s Configuration Language (HCL). HCL is a straightforward syntax that allows it to be extremely easy for teams in DevOps to create and create cloud configurations for cloud infrastructures that encompass multiple clouds and data centers that are on-premises.

• Null resource definition in Terraform.

Null Resource implements a standard library however, there is nothing else accomplished. The triggers argument is able to define any number of parameters that trigger the replacement of resources every time they change.

• What is the meaning behind Terraform cloud?

Terraform Cloud is a platform that allows teams to utilize Terraform to collaborate in real-time, or in response to various events. It is closely linked to Terraform’s workflows and data, unlike continuous integration systems that are all-purpose. 

It offers easy access to private and shared state data, as well as the data, comprehensive control of policies for updating infrastructure, and control of the contents on Terraform along with a registry private that shares Terraform components and many other features.

• Explain Oracle Cloud Infrastructure.

Oracle cloud, which is provided by Oracle Corporation is a cloud computing service that provides servers, storage applications, as well as network services to the world’s biggest data center network which is run through Oracle Corporation. The services are accessible on-demand through the Internet through Oracle Corporation.

• What is the purpose of the Terraform backend?

Every Terraform configuration can create a backend that specifies two elements that are essential:

The place where the operations are carried out

The place where the state is saved (Terraform keeps track of the resources contained in the file for state)

• What are the most current version control options employed by Terraform in addition to GitHub?

The control of the version is incompatible with GitLab EEE GitLab CE, and Bucket cloud.

• What are the most significant rivals to Terraform?

The most popular contenders, as well as alternatives Terraform, are Azure Management Tools, Morpheus, CloudHealth, Turbonomic, and CloudBolt.

• Discuss the function of the CLI Terraform. What are some of the fundamental commands that the CLI could use?

Terraform Command-Line Interface (CLI) Terraform Command-Line Interface (CLI) can be used to manage infrastructure and to communicate via Terraform state and providers, configuration files, and much more.

Here are some fundamental CLI Commands:

Terraform init is used to prepare your work directory for future commands

Terraform destruction eliminates the infrastructure previously built

Terraform Validate – Verify whether your configuration has been verified.

Terraform is used – to create or improve the infrastructure

Terraform Plan – displays modifications that are needed to the configuration currently in place

• What are the different modules that comprise Terraform?

A jug that has multiple resources that are used in conjunction is called a “module” within Terraform. The root module is composed of the listed resources inside the .tf file and is required by each Terraform.

• What’s a Private Module Registry?

A Private Module Registry is an option offered by Terraform Cloud that allows you to share Terraform modules with your employees. You can implement rules and “sentinel policies” within the registry to define how employees of your company can access Terraform modules.

• Is Terraform compatible with established infrastructure?

It’s the case that Terraform can be used to build on-prem infrastructure. Since there are a variety of services and choices we can select the one that is the most appropriate option for our needs. All we need is an API.

• Does Terraform support multi-provider deployments?

Multi-provider deployments are able to be made possible by Terraform and also include on-prem services such as Openstack and VMware, and we can also manage SDN with Terram too.

• How can duplicate resource errors be ignored when the application terraform is used?

You can try these other options:

Remove the cloud resources provider(API) before you rebuild them using Terraform

Removing these sources from the Terraform code to end its control

Perform a terraform import of the resource, and then eliminate the code that attempts to create them.

• Name all versions of controls employed by Terraform

The controls that are accepted include:

• Azure DevOps Services
• Azure DevOps Server
• Bitbucket Server
• Bitbucket Cloud
• Gitlab EE as well CE
• Gitlab.com
• GitHub Enterprise
• GitHub.com (OAuth)
• GitHub.com

• Which are the best built-in features available within Terraform?

Here’s the list of built-in functions for Terraform:

• Salt-masterless Provisioner
• Remote-exec Provisioner
• Puppet Provisioner
• Local-exec Provisioner
• Habitat Provisioner
• File Provisioner
• Chef Provisioner

• Which command is responsible for the destruction of Terraform-managed infrastructure?

The command provided is able to achieve this:

terraform destroy [options] [dir]

• Let us be aware of some of the most significant Terraform apps.

The applications of Terraform are numerous because of its capacity to expand its capabilities in managing materials. Some of the most innovative applications are:

• Software demos development
• Resource schedulers
• Multi-cloud deployment
• Disposable designs from the surrounding environment
• Multi-tier applications development
• Self-service clusters
• The installation on Heroku App

• What are the components of Terraform Architecture?

The Terraform architecture is made up of the following features:

• Sub-graphs
• Expression Evaluation
• Vertex Evaluation
• Graph Walk
• Graph Builder
• State Manager
• Configuration Loader
• CLI (Command Line Interface)
• Backend

• Define the Resource Graph in Terraform.

Resource graphs represent images of resources. It assists in the creation and modification of independent resources at the same instant. Terraform creates an approach to set up the graph to design plans and update its status. It is capable of building structure quickly and efficiently, which allows us to see the limitations.

• Could you provide some examples we can use to develop Sentinel guidelines?

Sentinels are an excellent tool to implement an array of rules in Terraform. Here are some examples:

• Be sure that the resources are specifically owned by their owner.
• Limit the role cloud providers can play
• Find an audit trail for Terraform Cloud operations
• Only certain sources such as data sources, providers, or sources
• Make mandatory the tagging of resources
• Restrict the use of modules in the Private Module Registry

• What are the different levels of Sentinel enforcers?

Sentinel provides three levels of enforcement which consist of advisory, mandatory soft, and mandatory hard.

Affirmation of Advisory Invalid, but allowed to proceed. An alert is sent out to users when they begin a plan which doesn’t conform to the guidelines.

Soft Mandatory – The rule must be enforced unless an override is granted. Only administrators can change the policy.

It’s a hard requirement. The law has to have adhered to no matter what. The policy cannot be modified until it’s completely eliminated. The default enforcement level in Terraform.

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• How do I save sensitive information inside Terraform?

Terraform requires credentials to be able to interact with the cloud service’s API. But, the majority of times, these credentials are stored as simple text on your desktop. It is possible to access thousands of API and cryptographic keys every day. So, API keys shouldn’t be stored in Terraform keys directly.

It is recommended to utilize secure storage for all your credentials, passwords, passwords, TLS certifiable, SSH keys, or any other information that’s not an ideal idea to keep in plain text.

• What exactly is Terragrunt? What exactly is it and what exactly are its uses?

Terragrunt is an extension that provides additional tools to ensure that configurations are dry to control remote states and to integrate with different Terraform modules. It can be used for:

• Utilizing multiple AWS accounts
• Implementing Terraform commands in a variety of modules
• Maintaining our CLI flags dry
• Keeping our remote state configuration DRY
• Keeping our Terraform code DRY

• What is the purpose behind this State File lock?

State file lock is a Terraform mechanism in which actions performed in a specific state file are limited in order to avoid conflicts between multiple users who are working on the same task. If one user decides to let off the locks, then only that user is allowed to access this state. This can aid in preventing state corruption of documents. It is an internal procedure.

• What is the definition of “tainted resource”?

A resource that has an unclean status is one that’s removed and rebuilt at the next command that’s applied. If a resource is marked as tainted or contaminated, its state file is updated, but nothing is done to the structures. Terraform’s plan for terraforming states that assistance is destroyed, it is rebuilt. Changes are applied the next time that the application is run.

• How can I ensure Terraform version of the module?

A tried and tested method to safe Terraform Module Versions can be done by placing the Terraform module registry as an alternative source. It is possible to implement the “version attribute” in each module of Terraform and the associated configuration file. Since Github is the repository we use, Github repository is used as a source. We need to specify versions, branches, and query strings with the format “?ref”…

• What exactly is Terraform Core? We’ll give you a brief description of examples of the principal functions associated with it.

Terraform Core is a binary that is created statically and later compiled using the Go. Go is a programming language. It is built to serve as an entry point for users who utilize Terraform. The primary duties include:

Reading and interpolation of module and configuration files using Infrastructure as functions to code

• Resource Graph Construction
• Plugin communication using RPC
• Plan execution
• State resource management

• Set the Terraform configuration to permit the setting up of an independent EC2 instance within AWS.

It is defined as Terraform configuration that allows for the creation of one EC2 instance within AWS:

Provider “aws” {provider “aws”

Region area = “”|region = “”}

resource “aws_instance”

“example” {

Ami = “”

instance_type = “”

tags{

Name = “example”Name is “example”It is|”example”}

• How do you update your plugins for Terraform?

Execute ‘terraform’ init’ using the option of ‘upgrade. This command rechecks the releases.hashicorp.com to find new acceptable provider versions. It also downloads the available provider versions. “.terraform/plugins/ _ ” is the directory of automatic downloads.

• How does it become possible for an item in one module usable for another module at a greater level?

A variable that outputs HTML0 is defined in the configuration of the resource.

Set the output variables of module A.

The file variable.tf is to be used in module A.

Create the input variable inside this file with the same name as that of the key in module_B.

Repeat the process to make variables accessible in other modules

• What are the most recent Terraform Azure Provider aspects?

The latest versions involve new data resources and Azurem_batch_certificate, which helps in managing the certificate. This resource helps in managing the prefix for networking. The fix for bugs has been made and the azurerm_app_service service has been upgraded.

• How do you deal with rollbacks in the event of problems?

I must commit the previous version of code to the latest and up-to-date version in my VCS. This triggers the run terraform which is responsible for running the earlier code. Because Terraform is more precise and is a more explicit language, I’ll be making sure that all elements in the code are restored to the original program. I’d suggest making use of Terraform Enterprise’s state rollback feature. function in Terraform Enterprise for restoring the state that is in use in the event that the state file has been damaged.